| Site Name/ Contact |
Technology/ Vendor |
Media Treated | Contaminants Treated | Operating Parameters | Materials Handling | Residuals Management | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bendix
Corp./Allied Automotive St. Joseph, MI |
Cometabolic treatment | Ground water | TCE, DCE, DCA,VOCs | CERCLA Lead Predesign - anaerobic cycle to treat TCE | |||
| Tinker
AFB and ORNL Alison Thomas
AL/EQM-OL 139 Bames Drive, Tyndall AFB, FL 32403 |
Cometabolic treatment | Ex situ methanotrophic bioreactor | |||||
| Site Name/ Contact |
Technology/ Vendor |
Media Treated | Contaminants Treated | Operating Parameters | Materials Handling | Residuals Management | Comments |
| DOE Classified Burial
Ground, Oak Ridge K-25 Site Rashalee Levine, U.S. DOE (301) 903-7920 |
Co-metabolic Treatment | Ground water, Seep | TCE, Organics | Two different reactors where microorganisms were grown to form biofilms over the surfaces within the packed-bed. Methanotrophic and pseudomonas microorganisms used. | Ex-situ bioreactors. | Generation of chloride ions. | may also have some effectiveness in treating fuels and pesticides. Also, treatability is highly dependent upon the biodegradability of the contaminants. 1994 |
| DOE Savannah River Site Aiken, SC Terry C. Hazen |
Cometabolic treatment | TCE/PCE <2ppb | Methane and air injected into seepage basin by horizontal wells | ||||
| Site Name/ Contact |
Technology/ Vendor |
Media Treated | Contaminants Treated | Operating Parameters | Materials Handling | Residuals Management | Comments |
| Naval
Communication Station, Scotland 2/85
to 10/85 Deh Bin Chan |
Bioremediation In situ soil, in situ ground water |
Soil, ground water Soil quantity approximately 800 m² in area, depth unknown |
TPH (No. 2 diesel fuel) | Microorganisms function best between 20 °C and 35 °C. | Runoff water collected in a trench | None | The contaminated area had considerable slope, and the contaminated soil was a thin layer over a relatively impermeable rock substrate. |
| Mayville Fire
Department, Mayville, MI Jon Mayes (517) 684-9141 |
Enhanced Biodegradation | Ground water | BTEX | Ground water treatment with indigenous organisms | In situ biodegradation. | BTEX - 1/800/70/300 ppb | |
| Site Name/ Contact |
Technology/ Vendor |
Media Treated | Contaminants Treated | Operating Parameters | Materials Handling | Residuals Management | Comments |
| DOE
Demo Savannah River Site, SC Nate
Ellis |
Aerobic Biodegradation | Ground water | TCE, PCE @ 1,000 ppb; 90% removal efficiency | Aquifers must be homogenous | Methanotrophic fluidized bed or trickle filter bioreactor | <1 lb/day produced | Water high in copper may inhibit the process - Cost about $0.50/gallon. |
| EPA
Demo Williams AFB, AZ Completed in 1992 Kim Lisa Kreiton |
Augmented subsurface bioremediation | Soil & water | Hydrocarbons (halogenated and nonhalogenated) | In situ | Insertion of microaerophilic bacteria and nutrients. Hardy bacteria can treat contaminants over a wide temperature range. | Only degradation products are CO2 & H2O | Failed to meet cleanup standards for BTEX. |
| Site Name/ Contact |
Technology/ Vendor |
Media Treated | Contaminants Treated | Operating Parameters | Materials Handling | Residuals Management | Comments |
| DOE
Savannah River Site, SC Terry C.
Hazen |
Biodegradation | Soil & Ground water | TCE, PCE declined to <2 ppb | In situ | Injection of 1-4% methane/air into aquifer | None | High copper concentration
can inhibit the process. $150K cap |
| DOE
Demo Hanford Site, WA Thomas M. Brouns |
Biological treatment | Ground water | Nitrate reduced by 99% from 400 ppm. CCl4 reduced by 93% from 200 ppb | In situ | Provides ultimate destruction of contaminant | No spent activated carbon need be disposed | Requires half the time for remediation, very cost-effective. |
| Site Name/ Contact |
Technology/ Vendor |
Media Treated | Contaminants Treated | Operating Parameters | Materials Handling | Residuals Management | Comments |
| NAS
Fallon, NV 1992 U.S. Navy, Public Works Department (702) 426-2772 |
Bioventing | Ground water | Hydrocarbons | Airfield | |||
| Air
Force & DOE Demo Tinker AFB, OK 1989 Alison Thomas |
In situ & above-ground biological treatment of trichloroethylene | Ground water | 80% destruction of TCE | In situ or in a bioreactor | Bioreactor design uses methane degrading bacteria to cometabolize TCE | TCE destroyed | Alternative system using altered microorganisms is being tested at Hauscomb AFB, MA. |
| Site Name/ Contact |
Technology/ Vendor |
Media Treated | Contaminants Treated | Operating Parameters | Materials Handling | Residuals Management | Comments |
| Air
Force Demo Eglin, AFB, FL 1/94-10/94 Alison Thomas |
In situ anaerobic biodegradation | Ground water | Jet fuel (toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene) | In situ; nitrate is added to serve as electron acceptor | Benzene is recalcitrant under strict anaerobic conditions | Cost $160-$230/gallon fuel removed. | |
| Air
Force Demo Kelly AFB, TX & Eglin AFB, FL Catherine
M. Vogel |
In situ biodegradation | Soil & Ground water | Hydrocarbons - fuels, fuel oils, & nonhalogenated solvents | In situ | Nutrients introduced into aquifer through irrigation wells - some precipitation problems occurred | Site characterization necessary to determine soil/chemical compatibility. | |
| Site Name/ Contact |
Technology/ Vendor |
Media Treated | Contaminants Treated | Operating Parameters | Materials Handling | Residuals Management | Comments |
| DOI
Demo Picatinny Arsenal, NJ Thomas E.
Imbrigiotta |
In situ biodegradation | Ground water | 82% removal of vapor-phase TCE after 8 days | In situ - Vapor stream is amended with oxygen and methane, propane, or natural gas | Venting unsaturated soil or sparging contaminated well near source | TCE is anaerobically broken down into DCE then VC and finally to ethylene, which will breakdown and volatilize | Use of surfactants to enhance desorption from aquifer sediments is being studied. |
| DOI
Demo Defense Fuel Supply Point, SC Late summer 1993 Dr. Don A. Vroblesky |
In situ enhanced bioremediation | Ground water | Jet fuel | In situ | Uncontaminated ground water is amended with nutrients and pumped into a series of infiltration galleries | Ground water extracted and discharged to treatment facility | Microbes that degrade contamination occur naturally in contaminated ground water. |
| Site Name/ Contact |
Technology/ Vendor |
Media Treated | Contaminants Treated | Operating Parameters | Materials Handling | Residuals Management | Comments |
| DOE
Tech Demo (USGS) Galloway Township, NJ 1988 Herbert T. Buxton |
In situ vapor extraction and bioventing design | Soil & Ground water | Gasoline | AIRFLOW - an adaption of the USGS ground water flow simulator | MODFLOW to perform airflow simulations | ||
| Stalworth
Timber Beatrice, AL Jason Darby |
In situ enhanced bioremediation | Ground water | In situ | Addition of O2 potassium nitrate, potassium phosphate, and molasses | |||
| Park
City Park City, KS John Wilson |
In situ enhanced bioremediation | Ground water | Petro, benzene Benzene treated to 5 ppb |
In situ | Ammonium chloride and nitrate addition | $650K expected total | |
| Site Name/ Contact |
Technology/ Vendor |
Media Treated | Contaminants Treated | Operating Parameters | Materials Handling | Residuals Management | Comments |
| Mayville
Fire Department Mayville, MI Jon
Mayes |
In situ enhanced bioremediation | Ground water | BTEX (1/800/70/300 ppb) | In situ | Treatment with indigenous organisms | ||
| Dover
AFB Dover, DE Milton Beck |
In situ enhanced bioremediation Oxygen enhancement with Air Sparging and Bioventing |
Ground water (230,000 m3) | PAHs, TCE metals, solvents | In situ | Total full scale $1.2M | ||
| French
Limited Crosby, TX Judith Black |
In situ enhanced bioremediation CERCLA Lead air sparge, O2, and nutrient addition |
Ground water | PCB, As, and petroleum Treated to MCLs |
In situ | Total $90M | ||
| Site Name/ Contact |
Technology/ Vendor |
Media Treated | Contaminants Treated | Operating Parameters | Materials Handling | Residuals Management | Comments |
| Knispel
Construction Site Horseheads, NJ Frank Peduto |
In situ enhanced bioremediation UST Lead - H2O2 and nutrient addition | Ground water | Petroleum hydrocarbons treated to 5 ppb |
In situ | O&M $250K | ||
| Orkin
Facility Fort Pierce, FL Joe Malinowski |
In situ enhanced bioremediation H2O2 and nutrient addition | Ground water | Chlordane and heptachlor | In situ | TSCA Lead | ||
| Farfield
Coal & Gas Farfield, IA Steve Jones |
In situ enhanced bioremediation H2O2 and nitrate injection | Ground water | Coal tar BTEX, PAHs Treated to 1 ppb benzene, 200 ppt cPAHs |
In situ | Total $1.6M | ||
| Site Name/ Contact |
Technology/ Vendor |
Media Treated | Contaminants Treated | Operating Parameters | Materials Handling | Residuals Management | Comments |
| DOE
K-25 Site 1994 U.S. Department of Energy (301) 903-7920 |
Biodegradation | Ground water | TCE, Organics | Demonstration of Cometabolic Techniques | |||
| Libby
Ground Water Superfund Site 1995 National Risk Management Research Laboratory (513) 569-7949 |
Biodegradation | Ground water | PAHs, PCP | Wood Preserving Facilities | |||
| Site Name/ Contact |
Technology/ Vendor |
Media Treated | Contaminants Treated | Operating Parameters | Materials Handling | Residuals Management | Comments |
| Public
Service Company of Colorado, CO 1992 U.S. EPA Region 8 |
Bioremediation | Ground water | BTEX | Electric Utility Site | |||
| Kennedy
Space Center, FL Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (510)423-3118 |
Bioremediation | Ground water | TCE | ||||
| Site Name/ Contact |
Technology/ Vendor |
Media Treated | Contaminants Treated | Operating Parameters | Materials Handling | Residuals Management | Comments |
| CSX McCormick Derailment
Site, SC Steve Spurlin (404) 347-3931 |
Enhanced Biodegradation - Anaerobic biodegradation | Ground water | BTEX | Solubilization of nitrate. | In situ circulation. | Residual wastewater sent off-site for treatment. | Derailment, 130K gallon spill. Depth of treatment approximately 2-12 ft. Operational; projected completion summer 1997. |
| Automotive St. Joseph,
MI Bendix Corp./Allied |
Enhanced Biodegradation - Anaerobic biodegradation | Ground water | TCE, DCE, DCA, VC | CERCLA Lead Predesign - anaerobic cycle to treat TCE. Nitrate serves as electron acceptor. | Solubilized nitrate is circulated throughout ground water contamination zones to provide electron acceptors for biological activity and enhance the rate of degradation of organic contaminants. | In situ biodegradation. | A mixed oxygen/nitrate system would prove advantageous in that the addition of nitrate would supplement the demand for oxygen rather than replace it, allowing for benzene to be biodegraded under microaerophilic conditions. |
| Site Name/ Contact |
Technology/ Vendor |
Media Treated | Contaminants Treated | Operating Parameters | Materials Handling | Residuals Management | Comments |
| Park City Site, Park City,
KS John Wilson (405) 332-8800 |
Enhanced Biodegradation - Anaerobic biodegradation | Ground water | Petro, Benzene | Nitrate and ammonium chloride are circulated throughout the contamination zones. | Solubilization of nitrate and ammonium chloride. | In situ biodegradation. | Benzene - 5 ppb. Expected cost - $650K. 1992 |
| Burlington Northern,
Somers Plant, MT Jim Harris (406) 449-5720 |
Enhanced Biodegradation - in situ addition of nutrients and oxygen | Ground water | Phenols, Creosote | In situ addition | Intrinsic biodegradation | Wood Preserving. Operational since May 1994; completion date unknown | |
| Site Name/ Contact |
Technology/ Vendor |
Media Treated | Contaminants Treated | Operating Parameters | Materials Handling | Residuals Management | Comments |
| U.S. AEC site: Fort
Wainwright, Alaska Michael Lilly (mrlilly@usgs.gov) |
Natural Attenuation | Active ground water/ surface water system | Chlorinated hydrocarbons | Regular sampling and sample analysis. | In situ contamination degradation | Still under investigation; results will be published. Site remains active. | |
| Columbus
AFB, MS Tom deVenoge, USAF |
Natural Attenuation | Ground water | Hydrocarbons | In situ | Controlled releases of various hydrocarbons were extensively monitored and modeled over time | ||
| Site Name/ Contact |
Technology/ Vendor |
Media Treated | Contaminants Treated | Operating Parameters | Materials Handling | Residuals Management | Comments |
| Aberdeen, MD | Organic Pumps, Phyto- volatilization, Rhizofiltration | Ground water | Trichloro- ethylene, Trichloroethane |
Plants used: Poplar Trees | |||
| Ogden, UT | Phytoextraction | Ground water, Soil | Petroleum Hydrocarbons | Plants used: Alfalfa, Poplar Juniper, Fescue | |||
| U.S
Air Force Facility, Fort Worth, TX Steve Rock (513) 569-7149 |
Phyto- remediation | Ground water | Trichloro- ethylene (TCE) | Eastern cottonwood trees. Depth to ground water is 6 to 10 feet | Evaluating difference between planting seedlings (whips) and older trees (1 to 1-inch caliper). Rows planted perpendicular to plume. Up gradient controls and 20 monitoring wells up- and down-gradient have been installed. | Older trees cost substantially more, but may send their roots to the water table more quickly | |
| Site Name/ Contact |
Technology/ Vendor |
Media Treated | Contaminants Treated | Operating Parameters | Materials Handling | Residuals Management | Comments |
| Milan
Army Ammunition Plant, TN Darlene Bader, U.S. Army Environmental Center, (410) 612-6861 |
Phyto- remediation | Ground water | Explosives (TNT, RDX, HMX, DNT) | Constructed wetlands | Phase I started 1995 | Plants used: Duckweed, Parrot Feather | |
| DOE,
Bear Creek, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN Manufacturing Technology Information Service |
Phyto- remediation Phytotech, SAIC |
Ground water | Uranium | Sunflower plants | Grown hydroponically in small greenhouse |
Sources: Innovative Treatment Technologies: Annual Status Report (EPA, Eighth Edition, Nov. 1996). Completed North American Innovative Remediation Technology Demonstration Projects (EPA, Aug.1996)