table 3-14: projects exsitu bio for ground water

<body stylesrc="table3_14_nfr.html" background="../tile007.jpg" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">  <noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-L8ZB" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({"gtm.start": new Date().getTime(),event:"gtm.js"});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!="dataLayer"?"&l="+l:"";j.async=true;j.src= "//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id="+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,"script","dataLayer","GTM-L8ZB");</script>   <h1 align="center"><font size="5">TABLE 3-14 COMPLETED PROJECTS: EX SITU BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT FOR GROUND WATER, SURFACE WATER, AND LEACHATE</font></h1> <hr> <p align="center"><MAP NAME="FrontPageMap"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="490, 0, 582, 55" HREF="3_12.html"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="394, 0, 491, 55" HREF="../appd_f/synonym.html"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="298, 1, 395, 55" HREF="../section1/toc.html"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="201, 0, 299, 55" HREF="table3_2.pdf"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="106, 0, 203, 55" HREF="../top_page.html"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="22, 0, 108, 55" HREF="3_11.html"></MAP><a href="../../_vti_bin/shtml.exe/matrix2/section3/table3_14_fr.html/map"><img src="head4.gif" border="0" width="605" height="56" ismap usemap="#FrontPageMap"></a></p> <hr> <div align="center"><center> <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" bgcolor="#DDF3FB"> <tr> <th width="13%" bgcolor="#99CCFF"><font size="1"><img src="sitename.gif" width="36" height="115"></font></th> <th width="13%" bgcolor="#99CCFF"><font size="1"><img src="tech_vendor.gif" width="36" height="115"></font></th> <th width="10%" bgcolor="#99CCFF"><font size="1"><img src="media.gif" width="36" height="115"></font></th> <th width="15%" bgcolor="#99CCFF"><font size="1"><img src="contaminant.gif" width="36" height="114"></font></th> <th width="12%" bgcolor="#99CCFF"><font size="1"><img src="parameter.gif" width="37" height="115"></font></th> <th width="12%" bgcolor="#99CCFF"><font size="1"><img src="handling.gif" width="36" height="115"></font></th> <th width="12%" bgcolor="#99CCFF"><font size="1"><img src="residual_manag.gif" width="36" height="115"></font></th> <th width="13%" bgcolor="#99CCFF"><font size="1"><img src="comment.gif" width="18" height="115"></font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="13%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><a name="bureau"><font size="1"></font></a><a name="top"><font size="1"></font></a><font size="1"><b>DOI Demo</b><br> Bureau of Mines</font><p><font size="1">Tom Jeffers<br> (801) 524-6164</font></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><a href="../section4/4_47.html"><font size="1">BIO-FIX beads</font></a></td> <td valign="top" width="10%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Water</font></td> <td valign="top" width="15%"><font size="1">Metals - lead, cadmium, arsenic</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Porous polymeric biomass beads with affinity for metals</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%"><font size="1">Excellent handling - low maintenance</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Adsorbed metals removed using dilute mineral acids</font></td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><font size="1">Able to achieve drinking water standards.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="13%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><a name="macgillis"><font size="1"></font></a><font size="1"><b>EPA Demo</b><br> MacGillis & Gibbs Superfund Site, MN</font><p><font size="1">7/89 to 9/89</font></p> <p><font size="1">Mary Stinson<br> (908) 321-6683<br> Dennis Chilcote<br> (612) 942-8032</font></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><a href="../section4/4_47.html"><font size="1">Biological aqueous treatment system</font></a></td> <td valign="top" width="10%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Ground water</font></td> <td valign="top" width="15%"><font size="1">PCP reduced to <1ppm. lowest flow removed 99% of contaminants </font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">In mix tank, pH is adjusted & inorganic nutrients added</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%"><font size="1">Mixing</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Discharged to POTW or reused on-site</font></td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><font size="1">Runs as anaerobic or aerobic. Does not treat metals.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="13%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><a name="doi"><font size="1"></font></a><font size="1"><b>DOI Demo</b></font><p><font size="1">Late Summer 1993</font></p> <p><font size="1">Paulette Altringer<br> Darren Belin<br> (801) 584-4152 or 4155</font></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><a href="../section4/4_47.html"><font size="1">Biological arsenic remediation</font></a></td> <td valign="top" width="10%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Wastewater</font></td> <td valign="top" width="15%"><font size="1">Arsenic reduced from 13 to <0.5 mg/l </font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Addition of anaerobic sulfate- reducing bacteria</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%"><font size="1">Two stage reactor, arsenic precipitation and column system</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Minimum volume arsenic precipitate sludge</font></td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><font size="1">Advantage: reduction in generation of sludge volumes compared to typical ferris arsenic precipitation circuits.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="13%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><a name="bureau2"><font size="1"></font></a><font size="1"><b>DOI Demo</b><br> Bureau of Mines, NV</font><p><font size="1">6/92 to 10/92</font></p> <p><font size="1">Paulette Altringer<br> Richard H. Lien<br> (801) 584-4152 or 4106</font></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><a href="../section4/4_47.html"><font size="1">Biological cyanide detoxification</font></a></td> <td valign="top" width="10%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Wastewaters</font></td> <td valign="top" width="15%"><font size="1">Cyanide reduced from 20 ppm to 2 ppm</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Flow rate up to 300 gpm</font><p><font size="1">Greater than 40-ppm phosphate</font></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="12%"><font size="1">Bio-activated water use to rinsed metal waste heap</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Chemical treatment as a polishing step</font></td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><font size="1">Alternative rinsing technology oxidized cyanide by activating natural or introduced populations of cyanide- oxidizing bacteria.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="13%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1"><b>DOI Demo</b><br> </font><a name="bureau3"><font size="1"></font></a><font size="1">Bureau of Mines, UT</font><p><font size="1">Summer 1993</font></p> <p><font size="1">Paulette Altringer<br> D. Jack Adams<br> (801) 584-4152 or 4148</font></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><a href="../section4/4_47.html"><font size="1">Biological reduction of selenium</font></a></td> <td valign="top" width="10%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Process & wastewaters</font></td> <td valign="top" width="15%"><font size="1">Selenium reduced from 30 to 1.2 ppm in 144 hours; 4.2 to 1.6 ppm in 48 hours. Selenium in uranium wastewater reduced from 0.58 to 0.03 ppm in 48 hours.</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Uses on-site equipment (carbon tanks, sand filters) to reduce cost. Activated carbon or sand serves as growth surface for bacteria.</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%"><font size="1">Wastewater and nutrient pumped through bed. Commercial fertilizers and/or sugar containing agricultural wastes provide bacterial nutrient supplements.</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Selenium is precipitated and removed by flushing or cross-flow filtration</font></td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><font size="1">Uranium wastewaters may be treatable. Technology involves biostimulation of indigenous or introduced selenium- reducing bacteria.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="13%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><a name="seal"><font size="1"></font></a><font size="1"><b>Navy Demo</b>, Naval Weapons Station Seal Beach, CA</font><p><font size="1">Steve MacDonald<br> (310) 594-7273<br> Carmen Lebron<br> (805)982-1615</font></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><a href="../section4/4_47.html"><font size="1">Bioremediation of aromatic hydrocarbons</font></a></td> <td valign="top" width="10%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Soil & Ground water</font></td> <td valign="top" width="15%"><font size="1">1 ppb to 4 ppm of BTEX</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Three 80-liter bioreactors at combined capacity of 72 liters/day</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%"><font size="1">Native micro- organisms. Site soil is placed in bioreactors and contaminated ground water is pumped through bioreactors</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Effluent cleaned to drinking water standards for BTEX</font></td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><pre><font size="1"> </font></pre> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="13%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><a name="st. joseph"><font size="1"></font></a><font size="1"><b>EPA Demo</b><br> St. Joseph, MI</font><p><font size="1">Ronald Lewis<br> (513) 569-7856<br> Steve Lupton<br> (708) 391-3224</font></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><a href="../section4/4_47.html"><font size="1">Immobilized cell bioreactor (ICB) biotreatment system</font></a></td> <td valign="top" width="10%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Ground water and industrial wastewater</font></td> <td valign="top" width="15%"><font size="1"><99% removal efficiencies of organics</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Pretreatment - pH adjustment and oil/water separation. Proprietary reactor medium and design maximized biological degradation</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%"><font size="1">Aerobic/ Anaerobic fixed film bioreactor</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Contaminants to CO<sub>2</sub>, water, and biomass. The effluent produced is reinjected</font></td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><font size="1">Advantages: high treatment capacity, compact system design, reduced operations costs.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="13%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><a name="tinker"><font size="1"></font></a><font size="1"><b>Air Force & DOE Demo</b><br> Tinker AFB, OK</font><p><font size="1">1989</font></p> <p><font size="1">Alison Thomas<br> (904) 283-6028</font></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><a href="../section4/4_47.html"><font size="1">In situ & aboveground biological treatment </font></a><font size="1">of trichloro- ethylene</font></td> <td valign="top" width="10%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Ground water</font></td> <td valign="top" width="15%"><font size="1">80% destruction of TCE</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">In situ or in a bioreactor</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%"><font size="1">Uses methane degrading bacteria to co-metabolize TCE</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">TCE degraded</font></td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><font size="1">System using altered micro- organisms is being tested at Hauscomb AFB, MA.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="13%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><a name="hanscomb"><font size="1"></font></a><font size="1">Hanscomb AFB, MA</font><p><font size="1">Alison Thomas<br> USAF<br> (904) 283-6303</font></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><a href="../section4/4_47.html"><font size="1">Bioreactor. </font></a><font size="1">Testing of constitutive TCE degrading microbe</font></td> <td valign="top" width="10%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Ground water</font></td> <td valign="top" width="15%"><font size="1">550 ppb TCE. Attained about 85 ppb.</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1"></font> </td> <td valign="top" width="12%"><font size="1"></font> </td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1"></font> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><font size="1"></font> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="13%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><a name="dow"><font size="1"></font></a><font size="1">Dow Chemical Site, TX</font><p><font size="1">Alison Thomas<br> USAF<br> Tyndall AFB</font></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><a href="../section4/4_47.html"><font size="1">Bioreactor: fluid bed reactor</font></a></td> <td valign="top" width="10%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Ground water</font></td> <td valign="top" width="15%"><font size="1">Chlorobenzene degradation. 140 ppm chlorobenzene. Attained <5 ppb chlorobenzene</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1"></font> </td> <td valign="top" width="12%"><font size="1"></font> </td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1"></font> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><font size="1"></font> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="13%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><a name="burleigh"><font size="1"></font></a><font size="1">Burleigh Tunnel<br> Silver Plume, CO</font><p><font size="1">Rick Brown<br> Colorado Dept. of Health<br> (303) 692-3383<br> James Lewis (303) 692-3383</font></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><a href="../section4/4_48.html"><font size="1">Manmade wetland ecosystem based treatment</font></a></td> <td valign="top" width="10%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Ground water</font></td> <td valign="top" width="15%"><font size="1">50-60 ppm of zinc. Attained 99% reduction in 3 months 99% removal of iron, 94% removal of lead, 84% reduction in nickel.</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1"></font> </td> <td valign="top" width="12%"><font size="1"></font> </td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1"></font> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><font size="1"></font> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="13%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><a name="burleigh2"><font size="1"></font></a><font size="1"><b>EPA Demo</b><br> Burleigh Tunnel, CO</font><p><font size="1">1991</font></p> <p><font size="1">Edward Bates<br> (513) 569-7774</font></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><a href="../section4/4_48.html"><font size="1">Wetlands based treatment</font></a></td> <td valign="top" width="10%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Influent waters</font></td> <td valign="top" width="15%"><font size="1">Metals</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Principal components - soils, microbial fauna, algae, and vascular plants</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%"><font size="1">Natural processes - filtration, ion exchange, adsorption, absorption, and precipitation</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><pre><font size="1"> </font></pre> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><font size="1">Manual developed - Wetland Designs for Mining Operations - available from NTIS.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="13%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><a name="big five"><font size="1"></font></a><font size="1">Big Five Tunnel, CO (near Idaho Springs)</font><p><font size="1">Edward Bates (513) 569-7774, Thomas Wildeman (303) 273-3642</font></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><a href="../section4/4_48.html"><font size="1">Constructed Wetlands</font></a></td> <td valign="top" width="10%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Wastewater</font></td> <td valign="top" width="15%"><font size="1">Metals, acid mine drainage</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Principal components - organic soils, microbial fauna, algae, and vascular plants</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%"><font size="1"></font> </td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Precipitated and adsorbed metals as hydroxides and sulfides settle in quiescent ponds or are filtered out as water percolates through the soil or the plant substrate.</font></td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><font size="1">The process can be adapted to treat neutral and basic tailings solutions.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="13%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><a name="bear"><font size="1"></font></a><font size="1">Bear Creek, Oak Ridge, TN</font><p><font size="1">Technical: A. J. Stewart; Oak Ridge, Tennessee (800)356-4USA<br> 4USA@ornl.gov</font></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><a href="../section4/4_48.html"><font size="1">Constructed Wetlands</font></a></td> <td valign="top" width="10%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Ground water</font></td> <td valign="top" width="15%"><font size="1">Nitrate and Uranium</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Principal components - pea gravel and various species of emergent aquatic plants. Cell pump powered by solar panels. Other measured parameters are pH, dissolved oxygen concen- tration, and water temperature.</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%"><font size="1"></font> </td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1"></font> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><font size="1">Removal efficiencies greater than 90% for nitrate are expected.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="13%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><a name="amphibious"><font size="1"></font></a><font size="1">Naval Amphibious Base in Little Creek, Virginia</font><p><font size="1">J.P. Lefave<br> NFESC Code 411 Port Hueneme, CA 93043</font></p> <p><font size="1">(805) 982-1973<br> DSN: 551-1973</font></p> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><a href="../section4/4_48.html"><font size="1">Constructed Wetlands</font></a></td> <td valign="top" width="10%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">Surface water, stormwater runoff</font></td> <td valign="top" width="15%"><font size="1">Non-point source pollution</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1">The cells each measure 60 X 650 ft. Water flows from the channel to the cells via 24-inch diameter pipes with equipped with one-way check valves.</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%"><font size="1">The site was formerly covered with a near monoculture of Phragmites which were sprayed with the herbicide Finale after they sprouted on the sideslopes after construction of the cells.</font></td> <td valign="top" width="12%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font size="1"></font> </td> <td valign="top" width="13%"><font size="1">Plants used: Spartina alterniflora, Spartina patens, Panicum amarum, Iva</font></td> </tr> </table> </center></div> <p>Sources: <i>Innovative Treatment Technologies: Annual Status Report (EPA, Eighth Edition, Nov. 1996). Completed North American Innovative Remediation Technology Demonstration Projects (EPA, Aug.1996)</i></p> <hr> <p align="center"><MAP NAME="FrontPageMap1"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="490, 0, 582, 55" HREF="3_12.html"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="394, 0, 491, 55" HREF="../appd_f/synonym.html"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="298, 1, 395, 55" HREF="../section1/toc.html"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="201, 0, 299, 55" HREF="table3_2.pdf"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="106, 0, 203, 55" HREF="../top_page.html"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="22, 0, 108, 55" HREF="3_11.html"></MAP><a href="../../_vti_bin/shtml.exe/matrix2/section3/table3_14_fr.html/map1"><img src="head4.gif" border="0" width="605" height="56" ismap usemap="#FrontPageMap1"></a></p> <hr>  </body>