table 3-8: projects exsitu physical/chemical for soil

<body stylesrc="table3_8_nfr.html" background="tile007.jpg" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">  <noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-L8ZB" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({"gtm.start": new Date().getTime(),event:"gtm.js"});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!="dataLayer"?"&l="+l:"";j.async=true;j.src= "//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id="+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,"script","dataLayer","GTM-L8ZB");</script>   <h1 align="center"><font size="5">TABLE 3-8 COMPLETED PROJECTS: EX SITU PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL TREATMENT FOR SOIL, SEDIMENT, AND SLUDGE</font></h1> <hr> <p align="center"><MAP NAME="FrontPageMap"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="490, 0, 582, 55" HREF="3_6.html"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="394, 0, 491, 55" HREF="../appd_f/synonym.html"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="298, 1, 395, 55" HREF="../section1/toc.html"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="201, 0, 299, 55" HREF="table3_2.pdf"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="106, 0, 203, 55" HREF="../top_page.html"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="21, 0, 107, 55" HREF="3_5.html"></MAP><a href="../../_vti_bin/shtml.exe/matrix2/section3/table3_8_fr.html/map"><img src="head4.gif" border="0" width="605" height="56" ismap usemap="#FrontPageMap"></a></p> <hr> <div align="center"><center> <table border="1" width="80%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="traband"></a><font size="1">EPA Removal Action <br> Traband Warehouse PCBs, OK</font><p><font size="1">2/90 to 9/90</font></p> <p><font size="1">Pat Hammack<br> (214) 655-2270</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_17.html"><font size="1">Solvent extraction</font></a><p><font size="1">Terra-Clean, Inc.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Solids</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">PCBs Initial: 7,500 ppm</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Solvent addition</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Excavation</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Treated solid; concentrated contaminant</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Storage management complex.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="stanford"></a><font size="1">EPA Removal Action Stanford Pesticide Site No. 1, AZ</font><p><font size="1">3/20/87 to 11/4/87</font></p> <p><font size="1">Dan Shane<br> (415) 744-2286</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_17.html">Chemical treatment </a>-alkaline hydrolysis</font><p><font size="1">EPA removal contractor</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil (200 yd<sup>3</sup>)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Methyl parathion</font><p><font size="1">Input: 24.2 ppm</font></p> <p><font size="1">Output: 0.05 ppm</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">pH: 9.0<br> Moisture: wet Additives to soil: soda ash, water, activated carbon</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Tilling</font><p><font size="1">(in situ, 3 times per week)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Treated soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Pesticide manufacturing use/storage. Farm equipment storage.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="palmetto"></a><font size="1">EPA Remedial Action Palmetto Wood Preserving, SC</font><p><font size="1">9/28/88 to 2/8/89</font></p> <p><font size="1">McKenzie Mallary (404) 347-7791</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_17.html">Chemical treatment</a> and soil washing; reduction of hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium</font><p><font size="1">En-site (ERCS contractor) Atlanta, GA</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil (13,000 yd<sup>3</sup>)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Input:<br> Arsenic - 2 to 6,200 ppm<br> Chromium - 4 to 6,200 ppm<br> Output:<br> Arsenic - less than 1 ppm<br> Chromium - 627 ppm</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil - Batch process</font><p><font size="1">Treatment for aqueous waste from soil washing - 25 gpm</font></p> <p><font size="1">pH - 2 to 9</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">(1) Used sodium metaphosphate to lower pH to 2.0 and wash the chromium from the soil, (2) separated the soil and solution, (3) solidified the soils, and (4) used the ferrous ion method of reduction to precipitate the chromium from solution in trivalent form</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil - solidified and replaced on-site</font><p><font size="1">Wastewater -permitted discharge to the sewer line</font></p> <p><font size="1">Sludge - off-site disposal</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">This treatment system is unique in the method of generating ferrous ion for the reducing step. The wastestream passed through an electrolytic cell containing consumable steel electrodes where the ferrous ions were electrically introduced into the wastestream.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="pbm"></a><font size="1">EPA Removal Action <br> PBM Enterprises, MI</font><p><font size="1">3/25/85 to 10/28/85</font></p> <p><font size="1">Ross Powers<br> (312) 378-7661</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_17.html">Chemical Treatment:</a> Neutralization with hypochlorite process</font><p><font size="1">Mid-American Environmental Service Riverdale, IL</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Film chips (464 tons or 1,280 yd<sup>3</sup>)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Cyanide</font><p><font size="1">Input: 200 ppm</font></p> <p><font size="1">Output: 20 ppm</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Time: 2 to 3 hours</font><p><font size="1">Additives: sodium hydroxide</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Agitation</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Rinse water, runoff, and waste hypochlorite - treated off-site</font><p><font size="1">Treated chips - landfilled (Subtitle D)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Silver recovery facility.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="zhiegner"></a><font size="1">EPA Removal Action Zhiegner Refining Company</font><p><font size="1">2/93 to 6/93</font></p> <p><font size="1">Dilshad Perera<br> (908) 321-4356</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_17.html"><font size="1">Chemical treatment</font></a><p><font size="1">ENSCO</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Solid (100 lb)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Mercury initial concentration >10% mercury</font><p><font size="1">Final concentration of mercury in recyclable precipitate was >80%.</font></p> <p><font size="1">Less than 260 ppm if mercury in tank nonrecycled salt.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Added salt to precipitate the mercury</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Mercury pretreatment precipitated mercury salts into mercury sulfide so that the mercury can be recovered and recycled</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Residual salts containing less than 260 ppm mercury were incinerated off-site.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Precious metal recovery site.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="midwest"></a><font size="1"><b>EPA Demo</b><br> Midwest, California, Australia</font><p><font size="1">1987</font></p> <p><font size="1">S. Jackson Hubbard (513) 569-7507</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_17.html"><font size="1">SAREX chemical fixation process</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil & sludge</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Low level metals & organics</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Catalyzed by lime and proprietary reagents</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Blending with reagent, mixing, heating, curing</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Vapors are scrubbed and processed before release</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Water content is not an obstacle although it may cause steaming.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="grand"></a><font size="1"><b>EPA Demo</b><br> Grand Calumet River Site, IL</font><p><font size="1">1992</font></p> <p><font size="1">Mark Meckes<br> (513) 569-7348</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_17.html"><font size="1">BEST<sup>TM</sup> solvent extraction process</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Oily sludges & soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">PCBs, PAHs, pesticides</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">pH >10</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Hydrophobic and hydrophilic cycles by controlling temperature</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Separation into oil, water, and clean solids</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Solvent flammable -must be sealed from air.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="research"></a><font size="1"><strong>EPA SITE Demo</strong>, Research Facility, Edison, NJ, 1992</font><p><font size="1">Laurel Staley, USEPA, (513) 569-7863; </font></p> <p><font size="1">Theodore Trowbridge, Dehydr-Tech Corporation <br> (210) 887-2182</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_17.html">Chemical Extraction; </a>Carver- Greenfield Process(R) for Solvent Extraction of wet, oily wastes;</font><p><font size="1">Dehydro-Tech Corporation</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Sludge</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Spent petroleum drilling fluids</font></td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Waste is first mixed with a low cost hydro-carbon solvent. Solids are centrifuged away from the solvent, followed by "desolventizing," an operation that evaporates residual solvent.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">The resulting water product required treatment due to the presence of small amounts of light organics and solvent. </font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Normally, the resulting water product may be disposed of at a local publicly owned treatment works.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="united"></a><font size="1">United Creosoting, Conroe, TX</font><p><font size="1">Mark Meckes, USEPA, (513) 569-7348; Chris Shallice, CF Systems Corporation/</font></p> <p><font size="1">Morrison Knudsen, (216) 523-6581</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_17.html"><font size="1">Chemical Extraction; </font></a><p><font size="1">CF Systems Corporation/ Morrison Knudsen liquified gas solvent extraction (LG-SX) technology</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil (80,000 yd<sup>3</sup>)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Oil, grease, and PAHs</font></td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Uses liquefied gas (such as propane) solvent</font></td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> </tr> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="idaho"></a><font size="1">DOE pilot-scale test, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory</font><p><font size="1">Robert Montgomery, EG&G Idaho, (208) 525-3937</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_17.html">Chemical Extraction </a>(Separation / Chemical Extraction)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Radionuclides, metals</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Approxiamtely 30% of soil matrix was co-dissolved in order to achieve release of most of the cesium-137.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soils are screened, classified, and placed into leaching unit with hot nitric acid.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Disposal options include solidification, calcining leachate, and storage</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Test results indicated excellent removal efficiencies for cobalt-60 and chromium</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="arrowhead"></a><font size="1"><strong>SUPERFUND </strong>Remedial Action, Arrowhead Refinery Co., 1994 & 1995</font><p><font size="1">Edwin Smith, USEPA, (312) 353-6571</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_17.html"><font size="1">Chemical Extraction (Solvent extraction)</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil 7,000 yd<sup>3</sup></font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Halogenated volatiles, PCBs, PAHs, solvents, heavy metals (lead)</font></td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="north island"></a><font size="1"><strong>EPA SITE Demo</strong>: Naval Air Station North Island Site 4, San Diego, CA, May to June 1994</font><p><font size="1">Mark Meckes, EPA, National Risk Management Research, (513) 569-7348</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_17.html"><font size="1">Chemical Extraction</font></a><p><font size="1">Terra-Kleen Response Group, Inc</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">PCBs, chlorinated pesticides, PAHs, penta- chlorophenol, cresote, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofurans</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">PCB Aroclor 1260 concentrations were reduced from a maximum of 170 milli-grams per kilogram (mg/kg) in untreated soil to less than 2 mg/kg in treated soil. The average removal efficiency was 98.39 percent.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Uses amines (usually triethyl amine).</font></td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> </tr> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="general"></a><font size="1">EPA Removal Action <br> General Refining Company, GA</font><p><font size="1">8/86 to 10/86 and 1/87 to 2/87</font></p> <p><font size="1">Shane Hitchcock<br> (404) 347-3136</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_17.html">Solvent extraction/ </a>Resource Conservation Technology Company Bellevue, WA</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Sludge (3,448 tons)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Input:</font><p><font size="1">PCB - 5.0 ppm</font></p> <p><font size="1">Lead - 10,000 ppm</font></p> <p><font size="1">Output:</font></p> <p><font size="1">PCB - insignificant</font></p> <p><font size="1">Lead - concentrated in solids</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Continuous operation</font><p><font size="1">Time: 2 hours<br> pH: 10<br> Temp: 20 �C<br> Rate: 27 tons/day Moisture content: 60%</font></p> <p><font size="1">Additives:</font></p> <p><font size="1">Sodium hydroxide Triethylamine</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Excavation Screening Neutralization Size Reduction Mixing</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Oil - used as fuel for kiln</font><p><font size="1">Water - treated, discharged off-site</font></p> <p><font size="1">Solids - solidified and disposed of on-site</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">The oil recovered from the extractions process could not be sold because of an elevated metals content. The solvent could not be recovered because of leaks in system seals. The unit required a relatively uniform material so materials handling of the sludges proved difficult in the beginning of the project. The lead-bearing solids produced by the dryer also required special handling. Finally, deterrents in the sludge hindered oil/water separation.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="vineland"></a><font size="1">EPA Removal Action Vineland Chemical Company, NJ</font><p><font size="1">12/92</font></p> <p><font size="1">Don Graham<br> (908) 321-4345</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_17.html"><font size="1">Chemical treatment</font></a><p><font size="1">ENSCO</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Solid (100 lb)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Mercury initial concentration >10% mercury</font><p><font size="1">Final concentration of mercury in recyclable precipitate was >80%.</font></p> <p><font size="1">Less than 260 ppm of mercury in nonrecycled salt.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Added salt to precipitate the mercury</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Mercury pretreatment precipitated mercury salts into mercury sulfide so that the mercury can be recovered and recycled</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Residual salts containing less than 260 ppm mercury were incinerated off-site</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">First known Superfund site where this process has been applied.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="avtex"></a><font size="1">EPA Removal Action <br> Avtex Fibers, VA</font><p><font size="1">4/90 to 8/91</font></p> <p><font size="1">Vincent Zenone<br> (215) 597-3038</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_17.html">Chemical treatment </a>(oxidation using NaClO)</font><p><font size="1">OH Materials, Findlay, OH (ERCS contractor)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Sludge/water from storage unit (2 million gallons)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Carbon disulfide</font><p><font size="1">Criteria: =< 10 ppm -carbon disulfide in the effluent</font></p> <p><font size="1">Input: 50 to 200,000 ppm carbon disulfide</font></p> <p><font size="1">Output: =< 10 ppm -carbon disulfide</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Batch operation average retention time - 1 hour pH - 10</font><p><font size="1">Additives: sodium hypochloride</font></p> <p><font size="1">The retention time and reagent feed rates increased with increasing concentration of sludge in the contaminated water.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Pumping</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Salts from the reaction were removed with flocculation and clarification at existing treatment plant, pH adjustment</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Carbon disulfide is unstable and will be found with other contaminants in aqueous wastestream.</font><p><font size="1">For additional information on this project, see the Removal Close Out Report available from EPA Region III or OH Materials.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="epa lab"></a><font size="1"><b>EPA & Navy Demo</b> EPA Lab, NJ</font><p><font size="1">Deh Bin Chan<br> (805) 982-4191</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_17.html">Chemical detoxification </a>of chlorinated aromatic compounds</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Dioxin, herbicides, chlorinated aromatic compounds. 99.9% decontamination achieved</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil heated to 100-150 �C if dehydrated</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Excavation, Water content assessed.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Products are not toxic nor biodegradable</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Incineration cheaper in some cases.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="douglassville"></a><font size="1"><b>EPA Demo</b><br> Douglassville, PA</font><p><font size="1">10/87</font></p> <p><font size="1">Paul R. DePercin<br> (513) 569-7797</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_17.html"><font size="1">Chemical treatment & immobilization</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil, sediments, & sludge</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Organic compounds, heavy metals, oil, & grease</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">In/ex situ. Sediments - underwater. Batch process at 120 tons/hour.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Blending</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Hardened concrete-like mass</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Application Analysis Report, EPA/540/A5-89/001; Technology Evaluation Report, EPA/540/5-89/00/a</font></td> </tr> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="epa demo"></a><font size="1"><b>EPA Demo</b></font><p><font size="1">1992</font></p> <p><font size="1">Michelle Simon<br> (513) 569-7469</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_17.html"><font size="1">RENEU<sup>TM</sup> extraction technology</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Organics up to 325,000 ppm</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Operated under vacuum - 5-45 tons/hour</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Sand, clay, and soil up to 3 in. diameter</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Clean soil backfilled</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Proprietary, azeotropic fluid to extract contaminant from soil.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="star"></a><font size="1">Star Enterprise, Port Arthur, TX, March 1991 to March 1992</font><p><font size="1">Mark Meckes, USEPA, (513) 569-7348; Chris Shallice, CF Systems Corporation</font></p> <p><font size="1">Morrison Knudsen, (216) 523-6581</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_17.html">Chemical Extraction</a>; CF Systems Corporation</font><p><font size="1">Morrison Knudsen liquified gas solvent extraction (LG-SX) technology</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Sludge</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">K- and F- wastes, PCBs</font></td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Uses liquefied gas (such as propane) solvent</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Following heavy metals fixation, the treated solids were disposed of in a Class I landfill</font></td> <td valign="top"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="bedford"></a><font size="1"><b>EPA Demo</b><br> New Bedford Harbor, MA & O'Connor Site, ME</font><p><font size="1">3/91 to 3/92</font></p> <p><font size="1">Laurel Staley<br> (513) 569-7863</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_17.html"><font size="1">Solvent extraction</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil, sludge, and wastewater</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">PCB 300-2,500 ppm 90-98% removal</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Phase-separation with solvent, solvent recovery</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Tray tower for water; extractor/ decantors for solids and semi-solids</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Heavy metal fixation, then Class I landfill</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Applicable to VOCs, SVOCs, PAHs, PCBs, PCP, and dioxins.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="coleman"></a><font size="1"><b>EPA Demo</b><br> Coleman-Evans Site, FL</font><p><font size="1">Norma Lewis<br> (513) 569-7665</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_18.html">Catalytic ozone oxidation</a> with soil washing</font><p><font size="1">Excalibur Technology</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil, sludge, & ground water</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Organics - up to 20,000 ppm</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil washing enhanced by ultrasound</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil particles greater than 1 inch are crushed</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Oxidation of wastewater, carbon for off-gas</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">$92 to $170/m3<br> ($70-$130/yd3)</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="wide beach"></a><font size="1">EPA Remedial Action <br> Wide Beach Development, NY</font><p><font size="1">9/90 to 9/91</font></p> <p><font size="1">Herb King<br> (212) 264-1129</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_19.html"><font size="1">Dehalogenation/ APEG dechlorination</font></a><p><font size="1">Soil Tech Denver, CO</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil (40,000 yd<sup>3</sup>)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Criteria:<br> PCBs (Aroclor 1254)- <10 ppm (1 composite sample/day)<br> Input:<br> 10 to 120 ppm PCB</font><p><font size="1">Output:<br> < 2 ppm PCB</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Continuous process</font><p><font size="1">8 tons/hour 200 to 580 �C (450 to 1,100 �F) Ambient pH and moisture</font></p> <p><font size="1">Additives - Alkaline polyethylene glycol (APEG)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Excavation Screening Staging</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Treated soil -disposed of on-site</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">If on-site disposal is planned, perform tests of the treated material appropriate to intended use.</font><p><font size="1">For further information on this dechlorination project, see the Demonstration Test Report produced by EPA, Region II.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="pwc"></a><font size="1">PWC Guam</font><p><font size="1">Jess Lizama</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_19.html"><font size="1">Dehalogenation</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">2,500 ppm PCB average<br> Levels attained: <10 ppm</font></td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> </tr> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="montana"></a><font size="1">Montana Pole<br> Butte, MT</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_19.html"><font size="1">Dehalogenation</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Dioxin, Furans/Oil <84 ppm<br> Attained: <1 ppb</font></td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="economy"></a><font size="1">Economy Products Omaha, NE</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_19.html"><font size="1">Dehalogenation</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">TCDD, 2, 4-D,<br> 2, 4, 5-T (liquid) Beginning levels: 1.3 ppm<br> 17,800 ppm<br> 2,800 ppm<br> Levels attained: Non-detect<br> 334 ppm <br> 55 ppm</font></td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> </tr> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="signo"></a><font size="1">EPA Removal Action<br> Signo Trading International, Inc., NY</font><p><font size="1">10/20/87 to 10/21/87</font></p> <p><font size="1">Charles Fitzsimmons<br> (201) 321-6608</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_19.html"><font size="1">KPEG dechlorination</font></a><p><font size="1">Galson Remediation, Syracuse, NY</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Sludge (15 gallons)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Dioxin</font><p><font size="1">Input: 135 ppm</font></p> <p><font size="1">Output: 1 ppb</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Temperature: 150 �C</font><p><font size="1">Time: Overnight</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Excavation</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Incineration of residuals (without dioxin contamination) at treatment, storage, and disposal facility</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Waste management facility warehouse.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="los alamos"></a><font size="1">Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL)</font><p><font size="1">Coyne Prenger<br> LANL</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_20.html"><font size="1">Magnetic Separation</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="inel"></a><font size="1"><b>DOE Demo</b><br> INEL, ID</font><p><font size="1">1992</font></p> <p><font size="1">Robert Montgomery<br> (208) 525-3937</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_20.html">Physical separation/ </a><a href="../section4/4_17.html">chemical extraction</a></font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Sediments</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Radionuclides & metals</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Contaminants removed from leachate by ion exchange, reverse osmosis, precipitation, or evaporation</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Screening, segregation, leaching with hot nitric acid</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Solidification, calcining leachate, or storage</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Difficulty removing Cesium-137.<br> Cost: $1,000/yd<sup>3</sup></font></td> </tr> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="iron"></a><font size="1"><b>EPA Demo</b><br> Iron Mountain Mine Site, CA</font><p><font size="1">1990 to 1991</font></p> <p><font size="1">S. Jackson Hubbard <br> (513) 569-7507</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_20.html"><font size="1">Separation: Precipitation, microfiltration & sludge dewatering</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Sludge & leachable soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Heavy metals, non-volatile organics & solvents, oil, grease, pesticides, bacteria, solids</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Up to 5% solids, 30 lb/hour of solids, 10 gpm of wastewater</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Heavy metal precipitation, filtration, concentrated stream dewatering</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Filter cakes 40-60% solids, water recycled</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">EXXFLOW and EXXPRESS fabric microfilter and filter press.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="polk"></a><font size="1">Ft. Polk, LA</font><p><font size="1">US Army Environmental Center<br> Lisa Miller<br> (800) USA-EVHL</font></p> <p><font size="1">Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center<br> Barbara Nelson</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_21.html">Soil Washing </a>featuring physical separation and acid leaching for the recovery and recycle of lead from small arm range soil. </font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Lead: 3500 mg/kg</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">After treatment:<br> 200 mg/kg total lead<br> 2 mg/L TCLP</font></td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">$170 per ton for 10,000 ton site</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="twin"></a><font size="1">Twin Cities AAP<br> New Brighton, MN</font><p><font size="1">Michael D. Royer<br> (908) 321-6633</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_21.html">Soil Washing </a>featuring <a href="../section4/4_20.html">gravity separation, </a>particle size classification, metal leaching, and lead recovery</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Targets for background remediation: Cr, Cu, Hg, and Ni. Some batches reached state remediation goals.</font></td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="santa"></a><font size="1"><b>EPA Demo</b><br> Santa Maria, CA</font><p><font size="1">5/92</font></p> <p><font size="1">Annette Gatchett<br> (513) 569-7697</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_21.html"><font size="1">Biogenesis soil washing process</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Organics - oil, fuel, PCBs, PAHs 99% hydrocarbon removal with initial concentration up to 15,000 ppm</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">30-65 tons/hour</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Agitated in unit with surfactant</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Washwater - oil/water separator, filter, and bioreactor</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Self-contained mobile soil washing unit.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="saginaw"></a><font size="1">Army Saginaw Bay Confined Disposal Facility, MI</font><p><font size="1">10/91 to 6/4/92</font></p> <p><font size="1">Jim Galloway<br> (313) 226-6760</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_21.html">Soil washing; </a>water with flocculent and surfactant as an additive</font><p><font size="1">Bermann USA, Stafford Springs, CT</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Sediment (150 yd<sup>3</sup>)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">PCBs</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">30 yd<sup>3</sup> of sediment treated per day</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Dredging<br> Screening<br> Size reduction</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Residuals were left at the facility Wastewater discharged to confined disposal facility</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Forced cold-weather shutdown is a limitation.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="clemson"></a><font size="1"><b>DOE Demo</b><br> Clemson Technical Center, SC</font><p><font size="1">Doug Mackensie</font></p> <p><font size="1">(208) 526-6265</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_21.html"><font size="1">Enhanced Soil Washing with Soil*EX<sup>SM</sup> </font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil & debris</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Heavy metals, radionuclides, and organics</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Particles smaller than 2 inches</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Screening, dissolution, surfactant addition</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Clean soil & debris, recycle water, off-gas from organics & concentrated contaminants</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Selective extraction/dissolution.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="montclair"></a><font size="1"><b>EPA & DOE Demo</b> Montclair, West Orange & Glen Ridge Sites, NJ</font><p><font size="1">Mike Eagle<br> (202) 233-9376</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_21.html">Soil washer</a> for radioactive soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soils</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Radionuclides - 56% volume reduction 40 pCu/g to 11 pCu/g</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">1 ton/hour</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Attrition mills and hydro-classifiers</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Filter press and off-site disposal</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Plant is being optimized for further demonstration.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="toronto"></a><font size="1"><b>EPA Demo</b><br> Toronto Port Industrial District, Canada</font><p><font size="1">1991</font></p> <p><font size="1">Teri Richardson<br> (513) 569-7949</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_21.html">Soil washing/</a> Soil recycling</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soils</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Organics and Inorganics</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Inorganics extracted; organics extracted and biodegraded.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil washing, metal dissolution, chemical hydrolysis with biodegradation </font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Metals recovered in pure form. <br> Reusable fill </font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">90% reduction in PAHs.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="sacramento"></a><font size="1"><b>Army Demo</b><br> Sacramento Army Depot, CA</font><p><font size="1">1992</font></p> <p><font size="1">Marlin Mezquita<br> (415) 744-2393</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_21.html"><font size="1">Soil washing</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Oxidation lagoon soils (12,000 yd<sup>3</sup>)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil treated with wash reagent to extract contaminants</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Wash liquid neutralized with caustic to precipitate metals</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Precipitated metals landfilled</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Contaminated to depth of 18 inches.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="fernald"></a><font size="1"><b>DOE Demo</b><br> Fernald Site, OH</font><p><font size="1">Kimberly Nonfer<br> (513) 648-6556</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_21.html"><font size="1">Soil washing</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Uranium</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil and leachant attrition scrubbed for 1 minute to solubilize uranium</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Attrition scrubbing, gravity separation, screening</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Wastewater treatment required</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Commercially available.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="alaska"></a><font size="1"><b>EPA Demo</b><br> Alaska Battery Enterprises Superfund Site, AK</font><p><font size="1">1992</font></p> <p><font size="1">Hugh Masters<br> (908) 321-6678</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_21.html">Soil washing </a>plant</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Heavy metals, radionuclides</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Rate dependent on percentage of soil fines - up to 20 tons/hour</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Deagglomeration, density separation, and material sizing</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Concentrated contaminant containerized, liquid recirculated clean soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Process modified to accommodate unexpectedly high levels of lead and battery casings.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="macgillis"></a><font size="1"><b>EPA Demo</b><br> MacGillis & Gibbs Superfund Site, MN</font><p><font size="1">1989</font></p> <p><font size="1">Mary Stinson<br> (908) 321-6683</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_21.html">Soil washing system</a> (volume reduction), process water treated in a bio-reactor, fines treated in a slurry bioreactor.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Removal:</font><p><font size="1">89% PCP<br> 88% PAHs</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">500 lb/hour<br> 24 hour/day</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Debris prescreening, soil mixed with water, separation (operations similar to mineral processing operations)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Wastewater treated in fixed film bioreactor</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Patented water based volume reduction process.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="pensacola"></a><font size="1"><b>EPA Demo</b><br> Pensacola, FL</font><p><font size="1">11/92</font></p> <p><font size="1">Teri Richardson<br> (513) 569-7949</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_21.html">Soil washing: </a>Volume reduction unit</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soils</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Organics - creosote, PCP, pesticides, PAHs, VOCs, SVOCs, metals</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Up to 100 lb/hour</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Particle separation and solubilization</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Concentrated contaminant</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Pilot-scale mobile soil washing unit.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="toronto port"></a><font size="1">Toronto Port Industrial Dist.<br> Ontario, Canada</font><p><font size="1">Dennis Lang <br> (416) 863-2047</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_21.html">Soil washing </a>(volume reduction), metal dissolution, and chemical hydrolysis with biodegradation (organics)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">52 ppm Naphthalene; <br> 10 ppm benzo(a)-pyrene Levels attained: <5ppm; 2.6ppm </font></td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="escambia"></a><font size="1">Escambia Wood Treating Company Superfund Site, Pensacola, FL</font><p><font size="1">Terri Richardson<br> EPA RREL</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_21.html">Soil Washing </a>featuring particle size classification and surfactant addition</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">From 550-1,700 ppm PAHs <br> 48-210 ppm PCP to 45 ppm PAHs <br> 3 ppm PCPs</font></td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><small><small>Can be treated in a EPA approved, full-scale mobile unit.</small></small></td> <td valign="top"><small><small>Used as engineered fill soil and capped with clean fill </small></small></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">$151/metric ton ($137/ton) (projected)</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="nasni_ir4"></a><a href="http://www.nasni.navy.mil/~nelp/tk.htm"><small><small>Installation Restoration (IR) Site 4</small></small><font size="1">, NAS Northern Island, San Diego, CA</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Terra-Kleen <a href="../section4/4_21.html">Soil Washing </a>combined with <a href="../section4/4_22.html">SVE</a></font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font face="Times New Roman"><small><small>Reduced PCB levels in soil from 144 mg/kg to 1.7 mg/kg on average</small></small></font></td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">$500,000 for the </font><small><small>field-scale treatability demonstration .</small></small></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="upjohn"></a><font size="1">EPA Remedial Action <br> Upjohn Manufacturing Company, PR</font><p><font size="1">1/83 to 3/88</font></p> <p><font size="1">Alison Hess<br> (212) 264-6040</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_22.html"><font size="1">SVE</font></a><p><font size="1">Terra Vac, Inc., Costa Mesa, CA</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Criteria:</font><p><font size="1">Initial concentrations - 70 ppm (carbon tetrachloride to air)</font></p> <p><font size="1">Final concentrations - nondetect (<0.002 ppm) </font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Ambient conditions</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Ex situ</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Discharge of soil vapors through 30-ft stack</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">For further information on this application, see the <i>Applications Analysis Report for the Terra Vac In Situ Vacuum Extraction System</i> (EPA/540/A5-89/003).</font></td> </tr> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="basket"></a><font size="1">EPA Removal Action<br> Basket Creek Surface Impoundment, GA</font><p><font size="1">11/92 to 2/93</font></p> <p><font size="1">Don Rigger<br> (404) 347-3931</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_22.html">Vacuum extraction</a> of soil pile with horizontal wells (ex situ)</font><p><font size="1">OHMaterials, Inc.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil (2,000 yd<sup>3</sup>)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">VOCs <br> TCE, PCE, MEK, MIBK, BTEX High 33% VOCs Average 1 to 5%</font><p><font size="1">Criteria:<br> TCE - 0.5 mg/L TCLP</font></p> <p><font size="1">PCE - 0.7 mg/L TCLP<br> All VOCs met TCLP limits</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Vacuum pressure monitored. 1,300-CFM/ manifold. 3 manifolds 6 to 7 wells/ manifolds</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Surface impoundment used for disposal of waste solvents. Built an enclosure over the site. Excavated the soil and screened it with a power screen. Stacked on PVC extraction wells. Recovered VOCs with duct work and fan. Vapors incinerated.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Residual soils and rejects from screening met TCLP limits and were disposed of as nonhazardous in RCRA Subtitle D landfill. Incinerated 70,000 lb of VOCs.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">$2M total costs. Permeability in situ soil was not good at first. Excavation and ex situ treatment improved permeability. Shouldn't rule out if can't be done in situ.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="nasni_ir11"></a><a href="http://www.nasni.navy.mil/~nelp/pilot.htm"><small><small>Installation Restoration (IR) Site 11</small></small><font size="1">, NAS Northern Island, San Diego, CA</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><small><small>Terra Vac</small></small><font size="1"> pilot  <a href="../section4/4_22.html">SVE</a>/ <a href="../section4/4_38.html">Air Sparging</a>/ <a href="../section4/4_63.html">Catalytic Oxidation System</a></font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><small><small>Up to 250 pounds (33 gallons) per day of VOCs was effectively removed from the vadose zone  and subsequently destroyed. </small></small></td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="llnl"></a><font size="1"><b>DOE Demo</b><br> Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA</font><p><font size="1">1991</font></p> <p><font size="1">Jesse L. Yow, Jr.<br> (510) 422-3521</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_23.html"><font size="1">Solar Detoxification</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Ground water</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">VOCs</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Exposed to sunlight & nontoxic catalyst (TiO<sub>2</sub>)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Pumping, solar detox, pH adjustment, catalyst addition</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Catalyst filtered out and water sent for secondary treatment</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Salts in ground water reduce efficiency.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="tyndall"></a><font size="1">Tyndall Air Force Base</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_23.html"><font size="1">Solar Detoxification</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Ground water</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Jet fuel</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Exposed to sunlight & nontoxic catalyst (TiO<sub>2</sub>)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Pumping, solar detox, pH adjustment, catalyst addition</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Catalyst filtered out and water sent for secondary treatment</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Salts in ground water reduce efficiency.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="robins"></a><font size="1"><b>EPA <i>SITE</i> Demo</b> <br> Robins AFB, Macon, GA</font><p><font size="1">8/91</font></p> <p><font size="1">Terry Lyons<br> (513) 569-7589</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_24.html"><font size="1">Solidification/ stabilization</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil, sludge, liquid</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Organics and inorganics</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Uses proprietary bonding agents</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Large debris must be prescreened</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Non-leaching high-strength monolith</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Process can be applied in situ.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="selma"></a><font size="1"><b>EPA <i>SITE</i> Demo</b> <br> Selma Pressure Treating Selma, CA</font><p><font size="1">11/90</font></p> <p><font size="1">Edward Bates<br> (513) 569-7774</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_24.html">Solidification/ stabilization </a>with silicate compounds</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Ground water, soil, sludge</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Organics and inorganics</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Silicate compounds</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Pretreatment separation of coarse and fine materials</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">PCP leachate concentrations reduced up to 96%. As, Cr, and Cu immobilized.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Applied to a wide variety of hazardous soils, sludges, and wastewaters.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="portable"></a><font size="1"><b>EPA <i>SITE</i> Demo</b> <br> Portable Equip. Salvage Co. Clackamas, OR</font><p><font size="1">9/89</font></p> <p><font size="1">Edwin Barth<br> (513) 569-7669</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Chemfix process - <a href="../section4/4_24.html">solidification/ stabilization</a></font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil & Sludge</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Solid waste</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Uses soluble silicates and silicate-settling agents</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Blend waste with dry alumina, calcium, and silica-based reagents</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Produces friable solids. Cu and Pb TCLP extracts were reduced 94-99%</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Applicable to electroplating wastes, electric arc furnace dust.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="naval const"></a><font size="1"><b>Navy Demo</b><br> Naval Const. Battalion Ctr. Port Hueneme, CA</font><p><font size="1">2/91 to 2/92</font></p> <p><font size="1">Jeff Heath<br> (805) 982-1657</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_24.html"><font size="1">Solidification of Spent blasting</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Blasting wastes containing abrasives, grit, sands</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Lead, copper, and heavy metals</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">About 2 months required for design</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Mixing of asphalt and other aggregates</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><1% inert debris (wood and metal scrap) is produced </font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Estimated cost: $85/ton of waste.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="imperial"></a><font size="1">Imperial Oil Co./Champion Chemical Co. Superfund Site Morganville, NJ</font><p><font size="1">12/88</font></p> <p><font size="1">S. Jackson Hubbard <br> (513) 569-7507</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_24.html"><font size="1">Soliditech solidification/ stabilization process</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil, sludge</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Inorganics and organics, metals, ore, grease</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Add water, Urrichem (proprietary additives), and pozzolanic material (fly ash or kiln dust)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Screen waste and introduce into batch mixer</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Heavy metals in untreated waste were immobilized. VOCs not detected in treated waste.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">pH of untreated waste was 3.4 to 7.9. Treated waste had pH 11.7 to 12.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="small"></a><font size="1">Small Arms Range, Naval Air Station Mayport, FL</font><p><font size="1">1990</font></p> <p><font size="1">Barbara Nelson <br> (805) 982-1668</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_24.html">Stabilization </a>of small arms range</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Lead and other heavy metals</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil is mixed with sodium silicate, portland cement, and water</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Screen soil to remove bullets (to be recycled) and other debris (landfill)</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">TCLP reduced from 720 to 0.9 ppm Pb, 7 to 0.2 ppm Cu, 4.1 to 0.2 ppm Zn</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Treated soil is returned to its original location. Estimated cost $490/ton.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="salt"></a><font size="1"><b>DOI Demo</b><br> Salt Lake City Research Center</font><p><font size="1">K.S. Gritton<br> (801) 584-4170</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1"><a href="../section4/4_24.html">Vitrification: </a>Treatment of copper industry waste</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Slags, dusts, sludges, liquids</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Copper byproducts - arsenic, heavy metals</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Acid in refinery waste is used to solubilize metals in flue dust, with subsequent metal recovery</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Ex situ</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Vitrification of arsenic sulfide leaves a dense, non-reactive, glass-like material</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Emphasis is on recovery of metals, which are presently discarded.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="albany"></a><font size="1"><b>DOI Demo</b><br> Albany Metallurgy Research Center, OR Paul C. Turner<br> (503) 967-5863</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_24.html"><font size="1">Vitrification furnace</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Solids </font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Residues from Incineration of municipal waste</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Electric arc furnace with water-cooled roof & sidewalls</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Dedicated feeder and off-gas treatment.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Glassy slag and metallic phase</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Slag is 3 times more dense; metallic phase is 10 times more dense.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <th><font size="1">Site Name/<br> Contact</font></th> <th><font size="1">Technology/<br> Vendor</font></th> <th><font size="1">Media Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Contaminants Treated</font></th> <th><font size="1">Operating Parameters</font></th> <th><font size="1">Materials Handling</font></th> <th><font size="1">Residuals Management</font></th> <th><font size="1">Comments</font></th> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="component"></a><font size="1"><b>EPA & DOE Demo</b> Component Development & Integration Facility, MT</font><p><font size="1">1991</font></p> <p><font size="1">Laurel Staley<br> (513) 569-7863<br> R.C. Eschenback<br> (707) 462-6522</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_24.html"><font size="1">Plasma ARC vitrification</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soils & sludge</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Organics & metals</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">2,800-3,000 �F in plasma centrifugal furnace</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Fed into sealed centrifuge & heated to 1,800 �F. Organics are evaporated.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Organic laden vapor stream and metals laden vitrified mass.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">$750-$1,900/ton.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="davis"></a><font size="1">Davis-Monthan AFB.</font><p><font size="1">Brad Jones<br> (402) 221-4488</font></td> <td valign="top"><a href="../section4/4_24.html"><font size="1">solidification/ stabilization</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Dross and dross contaminated soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Cd, Cr, and Pb</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Dross and dross contaminated soil was mixed with 10% cement and 5% lime in pug mill.</font></td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Passed TCLP for all contaminants.</font></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Cost: $100 per cubic yard.</font></td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><a name="nasni_ir11"></a><a href="http://www.nasni.navy.mil/~nelp/ccba.htm"><small><small>Installation Restoration (IR) Site 2</small></small><font size="1">, NAS Northern Island, San Diego, CA</font></a></td> <td valign="top"><small><small>Western Product Recovery Group's (WPRG) <a href="../section4/4_24.html">Chemical Coordinate Bonding and Adsorption</a> (CCBA) technology</small></small></td> <td valign="top"><font size="1">Soil</font></td> <td valign="top"><small><small>Up to 250 pounds (33 gallons) per day of VOCs was effectively removed from the vadose zone  and subsequently destroyed. </small></small></td> <td valign="top"><small><small>Contaminated soil is heated to a high temperature and mixed with clay. The clay's silicon matrix reacts with the metals to form metal silicates, which chemically fix the metals to the final treatment product.</small></small></td> <td valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><small><small>Treated soil can be reused as on-site backfill or recycled as landscaping material, road base material, or aggregate for concrete material.</small></small></td> <td valign="top"> </td> </tr> </table> </center></div> <p>Sources: <i>Innovative Treatment Technologies: Annual Status Report (EPA, Eighth Edition, Nov. 1996). Completed North American Innovative Remediation Technology Demonstration Projects (EPA, Aug.1996)</i></p> <hr> <p align="center"><MAP NAME="FrontPageMap1"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="490, 0, 582, 55" HREF="3_6.html"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="394, 0, 491, 55" HREF="../appd_f/synonym.html"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="298, 1, 395, 55" HREF="../section1/toc.html"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="201, 0, 299, 55" HREF="table3_2.pdf"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="106, 0, 203, 55" HREF="../top_page.html"><AREA SHAPE="RECT" COORDS="21, 0, 107, 55" HREF="3_5.html"></MAP><a href="../../_vti_bin/shtml.exe/matrix2/section3/table3_8_fr.html/map1"><img src="head4.gif" border="0" width="605" height="56" ismap usemap="#FrontPageMap1"></a></p> <hr>  </body>